Similar to how you provide the necessary nutrients, love, and care for your baby post-birth, the amniotic fluid serves as nature’s way of creating a safe and supportive environment during the prenatal journey – maintaining the perfect balance around the fetus.

Functions of Amniotic Fluid Include:

• Acts as a protective cushion, shielding the fetus from external trauma.
• Provides a space for the baby to move and grow.
• Regulates the temperature around the developing fetus, ensuring a stable and optimal environment.
• Prevents the umbilical cord from being compressed between the baby and the uterine wall.
• Prevents adhesions between the fetus and the amniotic sac or uterine wall, allowing for proper limb and organ development.
• Circulates as the fetus breathes in and swallows the amniotic fluid, contributing to the maturation of the respiratory and digestive systems.

Is An Increase/Decrease In Amniotic Fluid Normal?

While some variability in amniotic fluid levels is normal, extreme deviations from the expected range can indicate potential issues. Abnormalities, such as oligohydramnios (too little amniotic fluid) or polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), may be associated with underlying conditions or complications.

Low amniotic fluid and excess amniotic fluid can be detected through ultrasound examinations. It’s important to recognize and address imbalances in amniotic fluid levels to ensure the well-being of both the expectant parents and the developing fetus.

Oligohydramnios

It is characterized as low amniotic fluid than expected for a baby’s gestational age. This shows signs of leaking fluid or a lack of feeling in the movement of the fetus.

The causes of Oligohydramnios can be

• Earlier water breaking (preterm rupture of membranes)
• Placental abruption
• Chronic high blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Pregnancies that extend beyond the due date
• Use of certain medications
• Poor fetal growth
• Birth defects like kidney & urinary tract problems

To address the condition, maternal oral or IV hydration is preferred, and, in some cases, amnioinfusion for intrapartum improvement of the fetal condition.

However, during post-term pregnancy, the doctor may discuss the possibility of induced labor or schedule a cesarian section before the due date.

Polyhydramnios

Conversely, excessive amniotic fluid is a rare condition occurring in approximately 1% of pregnancies. Symptoms associated with polyhydramnios include indigestion, constipation, vulva enlargement, breathing difficulties, stomach tightness, and swelling in various areas such as the legs, hips, thighs, ankles, and feet.

The causes of polyhydramnios can be

• Increased blood glucose levels
• Birth defects
• Placental issues
• Fetal heart rate complications
• Twin pregnancies with transfusion syndrome
• Fetal infections
• Problems affecting the fetus’s stomach.

Can be treated by using amniocentesis and prescribing indomethacin (Indocin) to reduce amniotic fluid volume. Depending on the severity of polyhydramnios and associated risks, the doctor may discuss the timing and mode of delivery.

Entrust Your Pregnancy Journey With Dr Mehta’s

Regular prenatal check-ups, ultrasound examinations, timely communication, and swift action are important in securing a healthy and confident pregnancy.

With Dr. Mehta’s best Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, embrace the journey with assurance, knowing that your unique needs and the well-being of both you and your baby are in capable & safe hands.