Pregnancy is an exciting and beautiful chapter of your life, but it also comes with a set of responsibilities, including ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing baby. One important nutrient is folic acid, a water-soluble vitamin that helps in fetal development. Let’s dig into this article to explore the benefits of folic acid before and during pregnancy, addressing frequently asked questions related to folic acid.
Why is Folic Acid Important Before Pregnancy?
Adequate folic acid levels before 3 months of conception help in the following:
- Reducing the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, which affect the brain and spinal cord of the baby.
- Lowering the risk of other birth defects, including congenital abnormalities like heart defects.
- Synthesis and repair of DNA, which is predominant for the rapid cell division that will occur during fetal development.
- Helping to prevent folate-deficiency anemia for a healthy-weight baby.
- Preventing the complications of uncontrolled hypertension for pregnant women.
- Because of these, it is essential for women of childbearing age to maintain sufficient folic acid levels, even if they are not actively trying to conceive.
How Much Folic Acid is Recommended Before and During Pregnancy?
Health authorities, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend that women of reproductive age consume 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid daily through a combination of supplements and fortified foods.
During pregnancy, pregnant women may require higher doses, typically between 600 and 800 micrograms per day. The recommended dosage may vary. It is better to consult the Obstetrician and Gynaecologist for personalized care.
Note: Especially for women of childbearing age suffering from sickle cell anemia or diabetes, the dose varies.
When Should I Start Taking Folic Acid?
Ideally, women should start taking folic acid supplements before conception (before 3 months of pregnancy). However, if a woman discovers she is pregnant and hasn’t been taking folic acid, it is recommended to start supplementation immediately, as the neural tube is forming in the early weeks of pregnancy. And, it should be continued until the 12th week of pregnancy, as prescribed by the doctor.
What Are The Symptoms of Folic Acid Deficiency?
Insufficient folic acid can lead to a reduction in red blood cell production.
Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, mouth sores, inflammation of the gums, and shortness of breath.
In terms of pregnancy, the lack of adequate folic acid causes an increased risk of birth defects, affects the absorption of nutrients in the digestive tract, and increases the chance of cognitive decline.
Which Are The Foods to Avoid When Taking Folic Acid?
While folic acid is essential for health, certain substances can interfere with its absorption.
It is advisable to limit or avoid alcohol consumption and caffeine intake. Also, certain antibiotics may interfere with acid absorption. Consultation with Obstetrician & Gynaecologist is mandatory.
Can We Get Folic Acid From Food?
Folate is the naturally occurring form of vitamin B9 found in foods, which the body needs to convert into its active form through enzymatic conversion.
Some people may have genetic variations that will affect this process. In such a case, folic acid supplementation is the most effective way, as it is already in this active form – readily used by the body.
While supplements are an effective way to ensure adequate intake, folic acid can also be obtained through a balanced diet.
Foods Rich in Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 are
- Leafy greens (spinach, kale)
- Legumes (beans, lentils)
- Fortified cereals
- Meat
- Fish
- Dairy products
Fruits High in Folic Acid are
- Citrus fruits such as oranges, grapefruits, and lemons
- Bananas
Is Milk Rich in Folic Acid?
Milk is not particularly rich in folic acid. However, dairy products contribute to overall nutrition, including vitamin B12 and other essential nutrients.
Are There Any Potential Risks and Side Effects Of Folic Acid Supplementation?
Folic acid supplements are generally safe. However, excessive intake can mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, so it’s essential to get a consultation (before starting to use) from the best Obstetrician & Gynaecologist in Chennai.
Note: Individuals with allergies to folic acid or other ingredients in supplements should avoid them.
Will Folic Acid Affect Periods?
Folic acid is not known to directly affect menstrual cycles. However, its role in overall health, including blood cell formation, may indirectly impact menstrual regularity.
What Nutritional Needs Are Increased During Pregnancy?
Several nutritional needs increase during pregnancy to support the growing fetus and maintain the health of the mother.
- Folic acid to prevent birth defects
- Iron intake to prevent anemia in the mother
- Calcium for the baby’s bone development
- Vitamin D to aid calcium absorption
- Omega-3 fatty acids for the development of fetal’s brain and eye
- Protein for the growth of the baby’s tissues and organs
- Iodine to support the baby’s thyroid function.
Meeting these nutritional needs through a well-balanced diet and, if necessary, supplements are crucial for a healthy pregnancy.
Your Baby Deserves The Best Start In Life @ Dr Mehta’s
Remember, a small but significant effort in prenatal care makes a huge difference, fostering a strong foundation for your baby’s future health and maintaining your health.
Hope these FAQs clarified some common queries of childbearing-aged women who are planning to get conceived. If you have any more queries to address, consult Dr Mehta’s Best Obstetrician & Gynaecologist to ensure you meet the specific nutritional requirements.
Make the choice for a healthier tomorrow, because a happy pregnancy begins with informed choices.